According to the Excelsior Online Writing Lab, the Toulmin method is “a structure for analyzing arguments” but because “the elements are so clear and structured” educators frequently employ it to instruct students on the art of crafting argumentative essays.
There are six key components of the Toulmin method – claim, data, warrant, backing, qualifier, and rebuttal.
- Claim – the main idea of an argument, the assertion or thesis.
- Grounds – evidence and facts that support the claim.
- Warrant – unstated assumptions that link the ground to the claim.
- Backing – information that supports the warrant.
- Qualifier – shows that a claim may not be valid in every circumstance.
- Rebuttal – acknowledgment of another valid view of the situation.
This image from Purdue, gives an example of each of the six components.
Including a qualifier and rebuttal is important because recognizing other perspectives is a crucial aspect of the Toulmin method. This cultivates the image of an impartial individual who is not solely advocating for one side of an issue.
Through the utilization of the Toulmin method, one can effectively participate in online discussions by thoughtfully considering various viewpoints.
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